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Biochemistry

Referred Work (108)

Blood Sciences - Biochemistry referred work. These tests are available via the standard electronic and paper request cards. Site specific processing will be detailed in the test information. These tests are referred to other laboratories for analysis.
Referred Work

Solihull Biochemistry Laboratory (2)

Solihull Blood Sciences - Biochemistry - Test menu. These tests are available routinely on the Solihull Hospital site and/or may required site specific sample processing. All other biochemistry tests are available, but site specific processing may be required. This section details those tests
Solihull Biochemistry Laboratory

Heartlands Biochemistry Laboratory (27)

Heartlands Blood Sciences - Biochemistry - Test menu. These tests are available routinely on the Heartlands site and/or may required site specific sample processing. All other biochemistry tests are available, but site specific processing may be required. This section details those tests
Heartlands Biochemistry Laboratory

Good Hope Biochemistry Laboratory (2)

Good Hope Blood Sciences - Biochemistry - Test menu. These tests are available routinely on the Good Hope site and/or may required site specific sample processing. All other biochemistry tests are available, but site specific processing may be required. This section details those tests
Good Hope Biochemistry Laboratory
Catecholamines - Urine

Catecholamines - Urine

 

                      Table 1. 24hr Urine Catecholamines Ranges

 

Analyte

Age

Collection

nmol/ 24 hr

Source

Noradrenaline

Adult Male

24 hr

<650

Locally derived

Adult Female

24 hr

<554

Adult Unknown

24 hr

<554

<1Y

24 hr

<59

Tietz

1Y

24 hr

<100

2-3Y

24 hr

<171

4-6Y

24 hr

<266

7-9Y

24 hr

<384

10-15Y

24 hr

<473

Adrenaline

Adult Male

24 hr

<101

Locally derived

Adult Female

24 hr

<77

Adult Unknown

24 hr

<77

<1Y

24 hr

<14

Tietz

1Y

24 hr

<19

2-3Y

24 hr

<33

4-9Y

24 hr

<55

10-15Y

24 hr

<109

Dopamine

Adult Male

24 hr

<3305

Locally derived

Adult Female

24 hr

<3007

Adult Unknown

24 hr

<3007

<1Y

24 hr

<555

Tietz

1Y

24 hr

<914

2-3Y

24   hr

<1697

4-15Y

24 hr

<2612


Table 2. Random Urine Catecholamine Ranges

 

Analyte

Age

Collection

nmol/ mmol creatinine

Source

Noradrenaline

Adult

Random

<80

Locally derived

0-2M

Random

<103

Chromsystems (converted   from ug/g)

3-5M

Random

<81

6-11M

Random

<74

1Y

Random

<47

2-4Y

Random

<33

5-9Y

Random

<25

10-15Y

Random

<19

Adrenaline

Adult

Random

<5

Locally derived

0-5M

Random

<19

Chromsystems (converted   from ug/g)

6-11M

Random

<15

1Y

Random

<11

2-4Y

Random

<10

5-9Y

Random

<8

10-15Y

Random

<5

Dopamine

Adult

Random

<335

Locally derived

0-2M

Random

<1060

Chromsystems (converted   from ug/g)

3-5M

Random

<1076

6-11M

Random

<886

1Y

Random

<693

2-4Y

Random

<489

5-9Y

Random

<339

10-15Y

Random

<230

 

Chloride

Chloride

95-108 mmol/L

(Source : Pathology Harmony Recommendations)

(Urine 110-250mmol/24hr collection, Abbott Diagnostics)

https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:Chloride/

Cholestanol

Cholestanol

Provided by Ref Lab

http://www.jlr.org/content/48/1/185.full.pdf+html

Cholesterol

Cholesterol

Less than 5 mmol/L

http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/CG67NICEguideline.pdf https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:cholesterol/

Cholinesterase

Cholinesterase

Provided by Reference Laboratory

http://www.labtestsonline.org.uk/understanding/analytes/cholinesterase/tab/test

Chromium (Urine)

Chromium (Urine)

Normal values: < 2 nmol/mmol creatinine

https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:chromium/

Chromogranin A

Chromogranin A

<6 nmol/L (Provided by reference laboratory)

As of 1/12/2023 analysis will be performed at Charing Cross laboratory and the reference range will be  < 60pmol/L. **PLEASE NOTE DIFFERENT UNITS**

https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:Chromogranin/

Chylomicrons

 

Following visual inspection, results are reported as chylomicrons being present/not present. Specimens with equivocal results are sent off for lipid electrophoresis.

Chylomicrons

 

Following visual inspection, results are reported as chylomicrons being present/not present. Specimens with equivocal results are sent off for lipid electrophoresis.

CK Isoenzymes (by electrophoresis for macro-CK)

CK Isoenzymes (by electrophoresis for macro-CK)

Provided by Ref Lab.

http://www.labs.gosh.nhs.uk/laboratory-services/chemical-pathology/tests/creatine-kinase-isoenzymes

CK-MB (Mass)

CK-MB (Mass)

American College of Cardiology/European Society of Cardiology suggest setting cardiac biomarker cut off points for the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrom as > 99th centile for the normal population:

Males <6.7 ug/L;
Females < 3.8 ug/L.

NOTES ON INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS: The CK-MB isoform is not specific to cardiac muscle. It is also found at lower levels in skeletal muscle. CK-MB mass will therefore also be raised, to some extent, in skeletal muscle damage.

A relative index can be calculated using (CK-MB mass/total CK) x100.
If result >5 - strong possibility of MI,
>3 but <5 - equivocal,
<3 - not likely to be MI.

https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:CK-MB/

Complement C3

Complement C3

0.75-1.65 g/L

https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:Complement/

Complement C4

Complement C4

0.14-0.54 g/L

https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:Complement/

Cortisol

Cortisol

Before 10 am: 101.2 - 535.7 nmol/L,

After 5 pm: 79 - 477.8 nmol/L,

(Source: Abbott Diagnostics)

https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:Cortisol/

Cortisol (Urine)

Reference ranges (corrected for 24 hour collection):

<130nmol/24h

Cotinine

Cotinine

Urine cotinine concentrations below 50 ng/mL have been reported to reflect abstinence from tobacco for 2 or more weeks.

For further information please contact the laboratory

http://www.labtestsonline.org.uk/understanding/analytes/nicotine/tab/test

Creatine Kinase (CK)

Creatine Kinase (CK)

Values can vary according to muscle mass of the individual. For this reason we use different reference intervals for males and females and some ethnic differences.

Females: European 29-168 IU/ L (Abbott laboratories)
Females: AfroCarribean < 305 IU/L
Females: South Asian < 200 IU/L

Males: European 30-200 IU/L (Abbott laboratories)
Males: AfroCarribean < 600 IU/L
Males: South Asian < 330 IU/L

https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:CK/

Creatinine

Creatinine

Serum creatinine:

64 - 104 µmol/L (Male)

49 - 90 µmol/L (Female)

(Source : Abbott Diagnostics)

Laboratory practice is that eGFR using the 4 variable MDRD equation is applied to males with a creatinine of >111 µmol/L and females with a creatinine >98 µmol/L.

As individuals age they usually lose muscle mass which means that if their renal function remains unaffected creatine concentration in serum should fall as we age. Conventional population based reference intervals have not usually been age stratified. The impact of this is that individuals can have creatinine concentrations within the conventional population reference range while having significant renal impairment.

Note

From Monday 10th September 2018 creatinine will be measured using the enzymatic creatinine method.

For further information on how this will effect your results please refer to:

http://www.heftpathology.com/alphaindex/downloads/n.html

Enzymatic creatinine is currently not a UKAS accredited test. It will be assessed in October 2018.

https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:Creatinine/

Creatinine (Urine)

Creatinine (Urine)

Male:       5.1-14.2 mmol/L          7.7-21.3 mmol/24hrs

Female:  3.9-9.4 mmol/L             5.9-14.1 mmol/24hrs

 

https://pinboard.in/u:duty_biochemist/t:Creatinine/

Creatinine Clearance

Creatinine Clearance

Calculation

Creatinine Clearance =  U x V
                                        PxT
where U = urine creatinine concentration in μmol/L, V = urine volume in mL, P = serum creatinine in μmol/L and T = time of collection in minutes.
 
Values for urinary and plasma (serum) creatinine must be in the same units.
 

NB. Urine creatinine is usually reported in mmol, and the value should be multiplied by 1000 for use in the equation.

Female  CC = 72 – 110 mL/min
Male      CC = 94 – 140 mL/min
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